A big encyclopedia "Dog Breeds".

Dogs are the most volatile mammal on Earth. As a result of artificial selection, about 450 internationally recognized dog breeds have been obtained. These breeds have distinctive morphological traits that include body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur type and coat color. Their behavioral traits include guarding, grazing, and hunting, as well as personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, courage, and aggression. Today, dogs are the most abundant predator species and are scattered throughout the world.

A dog breed is a collection of closely related and outwardly similar dogs that belong to the species Canis familiaris, have characteristic features obtained through selection and are supported by humans.

The breed of dogs is represented by a significant number of individuals that consistently transmit certain characteristics over generations. Dogs of the same breed have similar characteristics in conformation and behavior.

Dogs of a certain breed produce offspring similar to their parents. An individual dog is identified as a representative of the breed by confirmation of its origin based on genetic analysis or written records of its origin (pedigree). Without one of these confirmations, identifying a dog as belonging to a particular breed is not reliable.

Greyhounds, also called hounds, are a type of dog that hunt primarily for sight and speed, rather than for scent and stamina as hounds do. These dogs specialize in chasing prey, keeping it in sight and suppressing with their great speed and agility. With keen eyesight, they are able to quickly detect movement. Greyhounds must be able to catch fast and dexterous prey such as deer and hares.

The spaniel is a type of hunting dog. Spaniels were bred specifically to scare the game out of dense thickets.

The Golden Retriever is a medium-sized dog that was bred to capture shot waterfowl. The name "retriever" refers to the breed's ability to bring prey intact. Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love for water and can be easily trained in basic or advanced obedience standards. It is a long-haired breed with a dense inner coat that provides them with ample warmth in the open air, and an outer coat that adheres snugly to their body and repels water. Golden Retrievers are well-suited for living in the suburbs or countryside. They shed profusely, especially as the seasons change, and require regular maintenance.

A sled dog is a dog that is trained and used to tow a land vehicle in a team, most commonly a sled, in the snow. Sled dogs were used in the Arctic for at least 2,000 years and, along with water transport, were the only means of transportation in the Arctic until the turn of the 20th century. They were used in the exploration of both poles, as well as during the gold rush in Alaska. Dog teams delivered mail to rural areas of Alaska, the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Sled dogs are still used today by some rural communities, especially in the regions of Russia, Canada and Alaska, as well as most of Greenland. They are used for recreational purposes and in races such as the Iditarod Trail and Yukon Quest.

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