📖 The Awakening in the Science of Hadith Terminology by Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi 📖

By Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Uthman ibn Qaymaz al-Dhahabi, known as Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi

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This book deals with the science of hadith and explains the terminology of the scholars of this art. This terminology—the terminology of the scholars of this art—should be familiar to every student of knowledge, as it is the basis for knowing what hadiths from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) are authentic and what are not. It is a concise, useful, and beneficial book. Its importance is evident in the fact that Imam al-Dhahabi (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote comments and rebuttals to those who came before him. These comments and rebuttals come from an imam with a hadith tradition, unlike others who came before him.

Some of those who came before discussed this terminology, but the jurisprudential aspect predominated. As for Imam Al-Dhahabi, may God have mercy on him, although he abridged this book from the book "Al-Iftiraq" by his sheikh Ibn Daqiq Al-Eid, who abridged it from "Ulum Al-Hadith" by Al-Hafiz Ibn Al-Salah, the true spirit of Imam Al-Dhahabi, the Hadith scholar, is evident in this book through his comments and commentaries.

The importance of this book is also evident in some of the discussions the author, may God have mercy on him, included that were not previously discussed, especially those related to the science of rijal. He discusses the science of rijal and the ranks of hadith scholars (hafiz) that are not found in any other book on hadith terminology except in this book. Their presence in this book is even more significant because they are written by an imam who was deeply interested in the science of rijal, and he devoted his entire attention to it, to the point that the imams and hadith scholars attested to his excellence.

The author:
He is Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Uthman ibn Qaymaz ibn Abdullah Al-Turkmani Al-Asl Al-Farqi, then Al-Dimashqi Shams Al-Din Al-Dhahabi, a hadith scholar and an imam and hadith scholar. He combined two qualities that are rarely found in our history. In addition to his extensive knowledge of Islamic history, both events and figures, he combined a profound knowledge of the principles of criticism and validation of men, establishing himself as a unique school of thought. Imam al-Dhahabi is one of the scholars who entered the field of history through the lens of the Prophet's hadith and its sciences. This was evident in his exceptional attention to biographies, which became the basis of many of his books and the focus of his historical thought. It is said that Imam al-Dhahabi was given the name "the Golden One" because he weighed men as a jeweler weighs gold.

❇️ Some reviews of Al-Dhahabi's book "Al-Muqahza fi Ilm Mustalah Al-Hadith" ❇️

▪️ Source of reviews: www.goodreads.com/book/show/32995744▪️

- Every time I get to know and read a book by Al-Dhahabi, I am truly amazed by its sweet method and its sincerity and love for this religion. The book, as is well known in Hadith terminology, explains the authentic Hadith, its narrators, and who is considered authentic. It also identifies who is at the highest level of authentic, then the weak, the rejected, and the rejected. H
Sondos Ammar

- A good and beautiful summary of the most important terms in Hadith science
Hayel Barakat

❇️ Chapters of Al-Dhahabi's book "Al-Muqahza fi Ilm Mustalah Al-Hadith" ❇️

* Section One: On the meanings of terms related to Hadith sciences *

- Hadith authentic / good / weak / rejected / fabricated / mursal / mu'dal / munqati' / mawquf / Marfu' / Mutasallim / Musnad / Shadh / Munkar / Gharib / Mussul / Mu'na'an / Mudallis / Mudharrib and Mu'allal / Mudraj / Words of Performance / Inverted / Etiquette of the Hadith Scholar / Al-Mu'talif and Al-Mukhtalif

* Section Two: On the Method of Acquiring and Acquiring *

- Dealing with the Isnad in the Narration of Works or Transmitting from Them
- Saying "I heard" when the narrator acquired it through reading
- Isolating a Hadith from a Copy
- Using Words of Reference to Texts
- Acquiring it in Discussions

* Section Three: On the Etiquette of the Hadith Scholar *

- Correcting the Intention of the Student of Knowledge is Necessary
- Devoting Oneself to Students
- Refraining from Narrating When a Hadith Changes
- Leaving Hadiths When Someone More Deserved Is Present
- Guiding Beginners to the Important and Avoiding Deceit
- Observing the Etiquette of Hadith Sessions
- Reciting Hadiths Reciting Recited Hadiths and Avoiding the Blameworthy Haste
- Holding Dictation Sessions

* Section Four: On Knowing the Trustworthy (Trustworthiness) *

- Trustworthiness (Definition of Trustworthiness / Definition of the Hafiz / Classes of the Hafiz / Ruling on the Unique Hadiths / Ruling on the Unique Hadiths / Ways to Identify a Trustworthy Person / .... )
- The Status of the Narrators Whom the Two Sheikhs, or One of Them, Narrated (Muslims)
- The Trustworthy Narrators Whom the Two Sahihs Did Not Narrate (Muslims)

* Section Five: On Identifying the Weak *

- Matters to Consider When Discussing Narrators (Complete Piety and Expertise in Hadith, Its Defects, and Mentors / Clarifying Expressions of Disparagement and Validation / Examining the Status of the Disparager and the Disparaged with the Disparager)
- The Ruling on the Narration of an Innovator
- The Mistakes That Infect Those Who Discuss Disparagement

* Section Six: On the Similarities and Differences *

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